Improving student retention is a key area where many universities can bolster student satisfaction, graduation rates, and make financial savings. To achieve these goals, it is necessary to understand both why and when students drop out, even when they do not make their problems or intentions clear to the lecturer. Post-module analysis can identify general problems with course structure or content that may be rectified for future sessions. In addition, during a session, a number of the failing students could be retained if they were offered appropriate assistance. The problem is how to identify these students in time to help them, even when they do not seek assistance. (By authors)