A study on attitude, behaviour and peer influence among illegal motorcycles street racers

Mohd Roslan Mohd Tahir, (2020) A study on attitude, behaviour and peer influence among illegal motorcycles street racers. PhD thesis, Open University Malaysia (OUM).

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Abstract

The quantitative objectives of the study were to determine (1) whether attitude significantly influenced the behavioural intention of illegal racers to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing; (2) whether subjective norms significantly influenced the behavioural intention of illegal racers to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing; (3) whether perceived behaviour control significantly influenced the behavioural intention of illegal racers to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing behaviour; (4) whether low self-esteem significantly influenced the attitude, subjective norm and perceived behaviour control of illegal racers to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing behaviour; (5) whether demographic profiles of (abusive parenting and traumatic experience) significantly influenced the attitude, subjective norms and perceived behaviour control of illegal racers to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing behaviour. The qualitative objectives of the study were (1) to ascertain how low self-esteem of illegal racers significantly influence their attitude and behavioural intention to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing behaviour and (2) to ascertain the most significant impactful factors on attitude and behavioural intention of the illegal racers to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing behaviour. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) and its new extended constructs developed in this study and mixed methods of quantitative (n=261) and qualitative data (n=15) were used to measure the three original TPB constructs of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behaviour control of the illegal motorcycle street racers under study. The interpretation of the hypothesized Ha effect paths shows that out of five Ha hypothesis tested, three (H3, H4 and H5) were accepted with two (H1 and H2) rejected. The Wilayah Iskandar case revealed that the strongest predictor of on attitude and behavioural intention to engage in illegal racing among the illegal racers was the subject norm peer risk taking. These findings are supported by the qualitative data which revealed that ‘focus on peers’ to be the most significant impactful drive in influencing illegal racers’ intention to race. The results also show that illegal motorcycle street racers’ intentional behaviour appears to be affected by attitude (mental outlook and emotion) and perceived behaviour control (resources, past experience and rewards). These findings were supported by the qualitative data from the Deviant Theory of Social Learning dimensions of Differential Association, Imitation, Differential Reinforcement and Definitions collected through the face-to-face interviews with the illegal racers. However, the analysis found that demographic factors and low self-esteem did not have positive effect on illegal racers’ attitude and subjective norm to influence their intention to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing. But there is positive effect between demographic factors and low self-esteem on illegals racers’ perceived behaviour control in influencing their behavioural intention to engage in illegal racing behaviour. By identifying factors that influenced the intention of illegal racers in Wilayah Iskandar to engage in illegal motorcycle street racing, this research may inform future strategies to minimise if not overcome the pressing problems of illegal street racing menace. (Abstract by authors)

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